In the U.S. system, what does federalism refer to?

Federalism refers to the division of power between national and state governments. This system is a foundational aspect of the United States government structure, wherein authority is constitutionally distributed between the central (federal) government and various state governments.

This division allows for a dual system of governance, meaning that both levels of government have their own responsibilities and can exercise power independently within their respective areas. For instance, the federal government handles matters that affect the country as a whole, such as national defense and interstate commerce, while states manage local issues like education and transportation.

Understanding federalism is essential as it promotes a balance of power, ensuring that no single entity becomes too powerful while allowing for local governance that can cater to the specific needs of its citizens.